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Meds that Treat anxiety (Alonegocio.net.br)

Anxiety affects more than 40 million adults in the United States. It is extremely treatable, and there are various types of medication available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They aren't addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most common anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs) which include citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications are also used to treat depression as well as relieve symptoms of anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder. They can take up to a month for them to begin working.

They work by increasing the levels of certain chemical messengers in the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. They're typically the first treatment option for anxiety, but doctors also use other types of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, known as serotonin and norepinephrine receptor inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They differ from SSRIs since they reduce norepinephrine but at a lower rate than SSRIs. These medications take a lengthy time to work and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine Tofranil can be effective in treating anxiety disorders. However their drowsiness as well as other adverse reactions are what make them less popular. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are another kind of antidepressant that can be used to treat anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and the risk of toxicity restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used to combat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term in the meantime, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These drugs can trigger tolerance addiction, sedation, and withdrawal reactions that can cause rebound depression, anxiety, and even delirium. Benzodiazepines are typically found in alprazolam, clonazepam, as well as lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of any anxiety treatment plan. It assists you to better be aware of your symptoms and root causes. Many people discover that both therapy and medication can help them cope with anxiety. Some studies suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy is just as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk to your doctor to find out what's right for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect that reduces anxiety and relaxes tense muscle. They also alleviate symptoms of fear-related bodily stimulation (like heart rate or trembling), and promote sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, like GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids at receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by activating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters, and reducing the number of messages that are sent to the amygdala. which is the brain's region that detects threats and creates the feeling of fear.

These medications are typically used for short periods for instance, during a panic attack or severe anxiety episodes. They may ease the symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes of taking them. Unlike SSRIs, benzodiazepines don't remain in the body for a long time. They're fast-acting and usually take effect in just a couple of hours, making them ideal for situations where quick relief is needed (like during an airplane flight or before an event in public).

Because they can be addictive, people are usually only prescribed them up to four weeks at a go. After that period they also lose their effectiveness.

One of the main reasons the benzodiazepines became so well-known is that they were effective and had few side effects, when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate or barbiturates. They are effective and have a rapid onset and can be used as anxiolytics to reduce anxiety. They can also be used as sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative perceptions of anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, which included the trivialization of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment for anxiety symptoms leads to physical dependence. However they play a significant role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically in combination with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause undesirable side-effects like drowsiness or confusion. It's important to let your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medication you are contemplating or are taking. Take a look at the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to find out what medications are safe with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can help ease anxiety and other mental health problems. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized sex anxiety treatment disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants for other health conditions as well, including eating disorders, some types of pain and bipolar disorder.

Most doctors prescribe SSRIs as a first-line treatment for anxiety, however these drugs may not be suitable for everyone. If they fail doctors can consider a different type of antidepressant, known as tricyclic or tetracyclic an antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, clomipramine, trimipramine, dothiepin, doxepin or imipramine. They're not as popular as the latest antidepressants, yet they're still readily available. Your doctor may prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses for sleep or anxiety.

Other antidepressants that could help are the nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They're also available in generic forms. If they aren't helping, your doctor may try the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the sedating antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Treatments for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which decrease the heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the action of adrenaline. These medications are not typically used to treat anxiety on their own, but they can be effective if used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behaviors that can cause anxiety. It can teach you to manage your anxiety and develop coping skills. Depending on the severity of your problem, exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to confront fears and thoughts that are harmful, and overcome your fear of situations which trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the intensity of anxiety-inducing situations until can cope with the stressors. It can be done in a group or on your own. In both cases it takes time to achieve results. A combination of medications and psychological therapy is the best option for certain people. Some people find that medication alone is enough to control symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other medications can also aid in relieving your symptoms. Beta blockers and antihistamines are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These drugs correct an imbalance in your brain's chemical balance and can help alleviate symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that can cause anxiety and stress. They're not a cure-all. You'll need to continue doing other things to reduce anxiety, such as exercises or relaxation techniques, as well as psychological therapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are the most commonly prescribed anxiety medications that your doctor may prescribe. According to studies, these medications are the most effective in treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are typically found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as Citropram, fluoxetine, and escitalopram. These medications may cause mild side effects like nausea and insomnia, but these tend to subside within 4-8 weeks. Unlike the benzodiazepines, they're not addictive and do not increase your risk of having suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines such as alprazolam diazepoxide and clonazepam (Valium), provide immediate relief from panic and anxiety attacks. However, they can cause adverse effects, including drowsiness and dizziness. They may also cause problems with coordination and memory and may even cause dependence. These drugs are less popular than the older barbiturates, but they are equally effective.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were developed to relieve allergies, but they're also sometimes used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks the histamine receptors in the brain, and can trigger an energizing effect. It is not a controlled substance and doesn't have the same risk of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that can aid with anxiety is a class called anticonvulsants. They've been shown to ease anxiety by affecting the release and production of serotonin and dopamine. These medications may be prescribed as part of a combination therapy or to treat anxiety in the short-term. Your doctor will assess your symptoms and health history to determine if these drugs are right for you. They will also discuss the duration of time you should take these medications and any side effects that may occur. Anxiety medications are only available by prescription, which means that it is necessary to see a psychiatrist to prescribe it.